English as a second language is known by more people in the world. The value of English Language Teaching (ELT) in education has grown to a higher level.
There are various approaches used in teaching the English language by teachers, trainers and institutions to provide for the diverse needs of learners. As methods and approaches in English language teaching have made room for new ones, one must know the right balance in tendencies to achieve high yields.
Scroll down to know the important approaches, methods and techniques of teaching English. Also, discover how instructors can utilise them today.
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ToggleUnderstanding ELT: English Language Teaching
ELT stands for English Language Teaching, and this should be defined before any particular methods are considered.
ELT is short for English language teaching to people whose first language is not English, and it is also often referred to as TEFL (teaching English as a foreign language).
For a deeper knowledge, you can go through this comprehensive guide on ELT -English Language Teaching and learn about how the modern classroom is based on ELT models.
Conventional Methods of Teaching English
Some early methods are still in use today, such as:
Grammar-Translation Method
This method of learning is focused on reading and writing, where translation practice rules. While it helps students to build a strong foundation in grammar, it tends not to emphasise on the speaking and listening skills.
Direct Method
Unlike grammar-translation, the direct method is not so much centred around the teaching of a second or foreign language. You’re required to think and express yourself in a second language (English) without translating it.
Audio-Lingual Method
This approach includes the use of drills, repetition and patterned drills. The ALM could be viewed as highly organised. However, today the approach is no longer in vogue due to a lack of focus on communication and creativity.
Modern Approaches of Teaching English
While modern technology is taking place, so too are English language teaching methods. This has been replaced with a greater focus on communication, interaction or participation by learners and real-world application.
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
Interaction is a fundamental concept of learning emulated in CLT, as it is the process and end-goal of learning. The Speaking activities, such as role-plays, group discussions and problem-solving tasks, are designed to increase fluency and self-confidence in using English.
Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT)
Inside this framework, they work on a real task (i.e., writing an email, planning a trip) by means of English. The TBLT fosters real-world and problem-based communication behaviour.
Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL)
CLIL is a content and language-based approach that fulfils the double ambition of enabling students to learn English while engaging with new knowledge in history or science.
Blended and Technology-Enhanced Learning
The method of instruction in English language teaching has been revolutionised through technology. Digital learning systems and artificial intelligence (AI) based systems also provide the possibilities for customising personalised, interactive and flexible learning.
How to Integrate ELT Effectively?
A successful ELT method is the mix of approaches, methods, and techniques in English language teaching. The commonly used methods are:
- Role-plays to encourage authentic communication.
- Team work projects and peer assessment.
- Flipped classrooms, where students learn at home and apply what they have learned in class.
- Gamification, which uses quizzes, applications and games for added motivation.
Such activities enable the teaching of English to be flexible and learner-centred.
Conclusion
The methods of English language teaching (ELT) has transformed the learning way dramatically due to a shift from learning grammar to learner-centred, technology-based methodologies.
There are so many choices of teaching English to teachers today. Task-based, communicative and blended learning is to be used to make classroom activities interesting and fruitful.
But if you are looking to train yourself in English teaching skills, here is the place: Ali Institute of Education. We offer certified courses and good-quality workshops that improve the way you teach.
FAQs
Which Teaching Method is Best for Beginners in English?
The Direct Method and Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) are excellent methods for beginners. These methods employ vocabulary, basic formulas and practical communication rather than translation.
What Are Modern Approaches to English Language Teaching?
Current approaches cover Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT), CLIL and blended learning, which also focus on interaction, problem-solving and technology integration.
Why is the Audio-lingual Method Less Common Today?
Although widely used, the Audio-Lingual Method is becoming less popular as it relies on repetition of language material, memorisation and does not encourage creativity and critical thinking or natural communication.
What Role Does Technology Play in Current Elt Methods?
Technology permits interactive learning, online collaboration, self-paced instruction and access to worldwide resources. Learner engagement is enhanced through virtual classrooms, AI tutors and apps.
How Can Teachers Choose the Right Method or Approach for Their Students?
The teachers are supposed to consider the learners’ language proficiency, their personal goals, cultural background, and learning styles. Sometimes the best method can be an eclectic one; one that is a mix of more than a few methods.
Are There Differences Between Teaching English as a Second Language (ESL) and as a Foreign Language (EFL) in Terms of Methods?
Yes. Communicative approaches are facilitated as ESL learners are exposed to English speaking environment. EFL students, on the other hand, will need more structured classroom approaches since they have less outside exposure.
Can a Teacher Combine Different Methods in the Same Classroom?
Absolutely. However, most resourceful teachers are employing a pair techniques such as grammar and communicative practice to come up with a balanced approach to learning.
How Do Learner-centered Approaches Differ From Teacher-centered Approaches in ELT?
The learner-centred pedagogies encourage learners to be actively involved in communicating, collaborating, and discovering. On the other hand, Instructional Techniques or Teacher-centred activities are more telling and direct, with less student participation.